Swim safety starts before kids jump in

Whether kids are swimming in pools, lakes or dodging ocean waves, there are lots of ways to have fun and stay safe in the water. But there are some hidden risks, too.

According to Atlantic Health pediatrician April Graham, DO, drowning is the leading cause of accidental death for children ages one to four in the U.S. Fortunately, many of these tragedies can be avoided with the right safety measures and attentive supervision.

Start swim lessons after age one

In 2026, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) updated its guidelines on drowning prevention. The recommendation encourages formal swim lessons after a child’s first birthday, but emphasizes that swim lessons alone do not ensure a child’s total safety.

“Evidence suggests that introducing basic water skills early can improve a child's confidence and contribute to water safety,” says Dr. Graham. “But it's important to remember that all children are at risk around water, regardless of their swimming ability.”

Water safety takes layers of protection

There’s no single strategy to prevent drowning. Instead, families should think of water safety as a multi-layer approach that goes beyond the basic skills learned in swim classes and includes safety practices appropriate for every age:

• Never swim alone; always swim with a buddy.
• Assign a “water watcher” for undistracted, constant supervision when children are in or near water.
• Keep infants, toddlers and inexperienced swimmers no more than an arm’s length away.
• Use Coast Guard-approved life jackets for boating and water sports.
• Be aware of water depths, currents and underwater hazards before swimming.
• Always enter water feet first rather than diving in.

“Water safety isn't one-size-fits-all. Every swim environment presents its own unique risks,” says Dr. Graham, who highlights the concerns parents need to consider in three common swimming environments.

Home pool safety

Access to backyard pools can happen quickly and quietly. Make sure your pool is fully fenced in with a latched gate. And don’t rely on inflatable arm bands or pool toys as flotation devices. They’re designed for play, not safety.

Lake safety

Natural bodies of water have poor visibility, changing depths and underwater hazards. It’s important to enter water feet first and swim only in designated areas. A properly fitted life jacket in a lake is an added layer of protection, and a must when boating, fishing or swimming in open water.

Ocean safety

Ocean waves, currents and riptides are dangerous and unpredictable. Swim only where lifeguards are on duty and check the beach advisories before entering the water. It also helps to know how to spot a rip current and how to swim out of one.

“Learning to swim is an important life skill for everyone, no matter your age,” says Dr. Graham, who also encourages parents to be prepared for emergencies. “Keep your phone accessible, ensure young children know how and when to dial 9-1-1, and become certified in first aid and CPR. Every second counts and a quick response can save a life.”